Silent Killer: Chronic Kidney Disease Threatens Hypertensive Diabetes Patients!
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly contributes to global mortality, serving as both a direct cause of death and an exacerbator of other health conditions. CKD often progresses silently as deteriorating renal function initially presents with minimal symptoms, leading to late-stage diagnosis when interventions are less effective. The disease is characterized by reduced glomerular filtration rate or kidney damage for three months or more, affecting waste elimination and homeostasis maintenance.
Consequently, advanced stages necessitate dialysis or transplantation, which carry their own risks and complications. Epidemiological data reveal that CKD enhances cardiovascular disease risk—major causes of morbidity in affected patients—which can exacerbate overall mortality rates.
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Moreover, socioeconomic factors such as limited healthcare access and rising comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension further compound its impact on vulnerable populations. Strategies for addressing CKD-related deaths thus emphasize early detection, preventive care, lifestyle modification, and equitable access to medical resources to mitigate progression and improve patient.
eGFR (Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) measurements assess kidney function by estimating how well your kidneys filter waste, using a blood test for creatinine (or cystatin C) and a formula factoring in age, sex, and body size to give a result in mL/min/1.73m². A normal eGFR is generally above 90, but it naturally declines with age, and levels below 60 mL/min/1.73m² for over three months can signal chronic kidney disease (CKD), with lower numbers indicating more severe kidney damage or failure.
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How it works:
eGFR (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) measurements assess kidney function by calculating how well your kidneys filter waste, primarily creatinine, from your blood, using a formula that factors in blood creatinine levels, age, sex, and body size. A normal eGFR is usually above 90 mL/min, with values dropping as you age, and lower numbers indicate reduced kidney function, helping doctors stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) from early damage (60-89) to kidney failure (below 15).
Blood Test: A blood sample measures creatinine, a waste product from muscle metabolism that healthy kidneys filter out.
Calculation: A formula (like the CKD-EPI equation) uses your creatinine level, age, sex, and sometimes race (though this is changing) to estimate your kidney's filtering rate (eGFR).
Units: Results are in milliliters per minute per 1.73 square meters (mL/min/1.73m²).
Understanding Your Kidney Test Reports:
STAGE 1:
>90 mL/min: Normal kidney function (or possible kidney damage with other signs like protein in urine).
STAGE 2:
60-89 mL/min: Mild loss of kidney function (Stage 2 CKD).
STAGE 3:
<60 mL/min: Indicates kidney disease, with lower numbers meaning more severe loss of function (e.g., Stage 4 is 15-29).
<15 mL/min: Kidney failure (Stage 5 CKD).
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